The International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is observed annually on 6th February to raise awareness about the dangers of FGM and advocate for its elimination worldwide. This day aims to mobilize action for ending this harmful practice, which violates the human rights of millions of girls and women.
History of International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
The United Nations established this observance in 2003 following a proposal by Stella Obasanjo, the then First Lady of Nigeria, during a conference on FGM. The UN adopted the resolution to amplify efforts to eliminate FGM and encourage member states to take effective action against it.
FGM has been practiced for centuries in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East and continues due to deep-rooted cultural and social beliefs. Despite international efforts, the practice persists, affecting millions of girls annually.
Why is International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation Celebrated?
This day is observed to:
- Raise awareness about the harmful effects of FGM on physical and mental health.
- Advocate for policies and laws that ban FGM.
- Support survivors with healthcare and psychological assistance.
- Promote gender equality and empower women and girls.
Significance of International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation(FGM)
- A Human Rights Issue: FGM is recognized as a violation of human rights by the United Nations and WHO.
- Health Risks: The practice leads to severe complications such as infections, childbirth complications, and psychological trauma.
- Global Commitment: Governments and organizations worldwide are working to achieve zero tolerance for FGM by 2030, as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 5.3).
International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation Theme
Each year, a new theme is chosen to focus on specific aspects of combating FGM. The theme for 2024 has not been officially announced yet, but it is expected to emphasize strengthening community engagement and legal enforcement to eradicate FGM.
Table: Key Facts About FGM
| Aspect | Details |
| First Observed | 2003 |
| Recognized By | United Nations (UN), WHO, UNICEF |
| Goal | Eliminate FGM globally |
| Majorly Affected Regions | Africa, Middle East, Asia |
| Estimated Victims | Over 200 million women worldwide |
| Health Consequences | Infections, childbirth complications, PTSD |
| Legal Status | Banned in many countries, but enforcement varies |
10 Powerful Quotes on Ending FGM
- “The practice of FGM has no place in the modern world.” – António Guterres
- “Every girl deserves a future free from harm and suffering.” – Michelle Bachelet
- “FGM is a violation of human rights, and we must put an end to it.” – Malala Yousafzai
- “No tradition, culture, or religion justifies harming girls.” – UN Women
- “Education is the strongest weapon against harmful practices like FGM.” – Graça Machel
- “FGM is not just a health issue; it’s a human rights issue.” – UNICEF
- “We must empower women and girls to speak up against FGM.” – Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka
- “A world free from FGM is a world where girls can thrive without fear.” – WHO
- “FGM is an outdated practice that must be eliminated through collective action.” – UNFPA
- “Breaking the cycle of FGM starts with education and awareness.” – Human Rights Watch
20 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About FGM
General Questions
- What is FGM?
- Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) involves the partial or total removal of female external genitalia for non-medical reasons.
- How many girls and women have undergone FGM?
- Over 200 million women worldwide have experienced FGM.
- Where is FGM practiced?
- It is mostly practiced in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
- Is FGM illegal?
- Yes, FGM is banned in many countries, but enforcement varies.
- Why is FGM performed?
- It is often linked to cultural, religious, and social beliefs regarding femininity and marriage.
Health Risks and Consequences
- What are the health risks of FGM?
- Severe pain, infections, childbirth complications, PTSD, and even death.
- Can FGM cause infertility?
- Yes, FGM can lead to infertility due to infections and complications.
- Does FGM have any medical benefits?
- No, FGM has no health benefits and is purely a harmful practice.
- How does FGM affect childbirth?
- It increases the risk of complications such as prolonged labor and excessive bleeding.
- Can FGM cause psychological trauma?
- Yes, many survivors experience PTSD, anxiety, and depression.
Efforts to End FGM
- How is the UN working to eliminate FGM?
- Through advocacy, awareness campaigns, and supporting survivors.
- What is SDG 5.3?
- Sustainable Development Goal 5.3 aims to eliminate FGM and child marriage by 2030.
- Which organizations are fighting against FGM?
- UNICEF, WHO, UNFPA, and local NGOs.
- How can communities help in stopping FGM?
- Education, raising awareness, and supporting alternative rites of passage.
- Are there support groups for FGM survivors?
- Yes, various organizations provide medical, legal, and psychological support.
Legal and Social Aspects
- What laws exist against FGM?
- Many countries have laws criminalizing FGM, but enforcement remains a challenge.
- Is FGM a religious practice?
- No major religion mandates FGM; it is primarily a cultural practice.
- How does FGM impact gender equality?
- It reinforces gender inequality by controlling women’s bodies and limiting their rights.
- Can men help in the fight against FGM?
- Yes, male allies play a crucial role in advocating for change and educating communities.
- What can individuals do to help stop FGM?
- Spread awareness, support survivors, and advocate for stronger laws.
Conclusion
The International Day of Zero Tolerance for FGM serves as a powerful reminder of the need to eradicate this practice. Governments, organizations, and individuals must collaborate to protect the rights, health, and dignity of girls worldwide.
Together, we can end FGM for future generations.
Also Read: List of Important Days in February